| | ---+--------------------------------------+---- | ____ ____ _ _ ____ | | \ | |_ _| | \__/ | | / | | \ _| _||_ | | | /_| | | |__| |____| |_|\/|_| |__| --+----------------+--- | | | ---+----------- PROBE INDUSTRIES MAGAZINE PHILES | | ISSUE NUMBER 15 ---+--- RELEASED: 11/20/97 | | | ----------+-------------------------------+---- | | | --------+----- | get new issues and news from us via the web: http://www.dope.org/pimp/ | ---------------+--- | +---------------------------------------------------------------+ | p u b l i c l y d i s c l o s e d | | a f f i l i a t e s | +----------------+------------------+---------------------------+ | known as: | pimp domain | info | +----------------+------------------+---------------------------+ | fringe | chicago, il, usa | fringe@dope.org | | stickman | chicago, il, usa | apocapimpin' | | subhuman | chicago, il, usa | subhuman@dope.org | | stash | chicago, il, usa | stash@dope.org | | insane lineman | chicago, il, usa | lineman@dope.org | | jello biafra | chicago, il, usa | apocapimpin' | | smokee | chicago, il, usa | pimpin' | | qball | chicago, il, usa | pimpin' | | special-k | germany | special-k@dope.org | | luthor | maine, usa | east coast HQ, pimpin' | | -Q- | new york, usa | pimpin' | | mastermind | florida | pimpin' | | jcgangster | ohio | pimpin' | +----------------+------------------+---------------------------+ preface: the magazine following is an electronic publication to help inform society on details they may overlook in life, computers and telephony they may not understand, and to broaden anyone and everyone's knowledge. there is no blatently illegal information discussed here. there is knowledge and understanding.. knowledge is the power, the power to the people, the people are the knowledge. everything is on a need to know basis for us. we all need the want to know. ============================== contents for issue fifteen ============================== 만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만� � � � � THE � THE LARGEST CELLULAR GLOSSARY and acronyms compilation � � � you will ever see. This mainly pertains to cell sites � � BIG ONE � and cellular radios. � � � � � � pimped: anonymously � 만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만� � � � � SECOND � news for and about the underground � � � ------------------------------------ � � SEKSHUN � EPHEDRA gets GANKED! � � � -fringe � � � � 만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만만� +-----------------------------------------------------+ oneoneone1oneoneone oneoneon11oneoneone oneoneo1e1oneoneone oneoneone1oneoneone oneoneone1oneoneone oneoneone1oneoneone oneone111111eoneone [ ] | | | | | __________________| ./ //// \ | //// | | | | ____________ | | | |[] | Oki 900 art | | |[] | courtesy of jcgangster | | |[] | | |____________|[] | | | | ( 1 )( 2 )( 3 ) | | ( 4 )( 5 )( 6 ) | | ( 7 )( 8 )( 9 ) | | ( * )( 0 )( # ) | | ( )( )( )( ) | | (Snd)(Clr)(End) | | | | | | ////////// | \___________________/ Welcome to the biggest cellular glossary you will ever need.. hopefully this will teach people cellco jargon and maybe help them understand things better. When pimp received this file, there were no marks on it as to who owned it or whether or not it was considered confidential.. so it isn't.. it's just definitions that are hard to get. +----------------------------------------------------------+ $APPL1 IS-41 Converter- Tandem Application Disk $DATA IS-41 Converter- Tandem Data Disk $S Spooler Subsystem Collector Process $SP25 Spooler Subsystem Craft Workstation Print Process $SPLP Spooler Subsystem CLX Print Process $SPLS Spooler Subsystem Supervisor Process $SYSTEM IS-41 Converter- Tandem System Disk 10-Channel Junction Used in the DYNA TAC base station to combine the output of the nine (9) cavity filters to produce a single output for the transmit antenna (via the harmonic filter). 100 Call Seconds See CCS (100 Call Seconds). 125 mS A frame timing reference signal generated by the STC in the XC GCLK card. 1.544 Mbps Data transmission rate of a single frame, comprised of 24 64 kbps channels. 16.384 Mhz A TDM clock timing reference signal generated by the STC in the XC GCLK card. 1-Plus Areas where a digit "1" must be dialed before a telephone number. A 1-plus usually indicates a toll call or an extended area call. 1WL One-way level. 1WN One-way noise. 2.048 Mbps Data transmission rate of a single frame, comprised of 32 64 kbps channels. 3-sector Antenna configuration, requires one transmit antenna per 120-degree sector, plus two receive antennas for diversity reception. Duplexers may be used to combine transmit and receive functions on the same antenna. Allows a 7-cell reuse pattern for voice channels. 4MRAM Four Megabyte Random Access Memory 6-sector Antenna configuration, requires six 60-degree antennas. Each antenna both transmits and receives. Allows a 4-cell reuse pattern for voice channels. 6.12 S A superframe timing reference signal generated by the STC in the XC GCLK card. 60 mS A synchronization timing reference signal generated by the STC in the XC GCLK card. 64 kbps Data transmission rate of a single channel, based upon eight bit words and 8000 samples per second. Pressing the "Control" and "A" keys simultaneously; aborts any MMI. The key on the terminal keyboard labeled "Return" which generates the carriage return character when pressed. Same as . A terminal's Shift key. Always used in conjunction with another key. For example, " + P" means to hold down the Shift key and press the P key. +---+ | A | +---+ A+ interface One of the major interfaces from the MSC. Connects the MSC to the SC 9600 system at the CBSC XC. The interface is comprised of E1 or T1 span lines. Each span line represents a single carrier, and provides a number of timeslots which can be used for signaling links with BSSAP (LAPD or LAPB) control or traffic circuit channels as required. Abbreviated Mobile Usage Record (ABMUR) The record sent to the billing medium in each machine that a mobile passes through, with the exception of the originating switch. It contains the originating switch, current switch, air time on this switch, and a few other essential fields for correlating back to the original record. This record is an operator's receipt for air time used on his switch. ABEND Abnormal ending of a process. ACB All channels busy. Access Channel In DYNA TAC systems, a control channel used by a mobile station to access a system to obtain service. Access Priority (ACCPRIOR) In DYNA TAC systems, the access priority on the reverse control channel. See Numeric Information. Access Thresholds A purchasable Special Product which specifies, on a per-sector basis, a minimum received power required for a mobile to be allowed to access the cell. Used to restrict originations on very busy cells to the best candidates. ACCH Appended Control Channel. A user specified RFchannel providing point-to-point bi-directional signaling up- and downlink. Includes the SACCH and FACCH. ACCPRIOR The access priority on the reverse control channel. See Numeric Information. ACIA Asynchronous Communications Interface Adapter ACK Acknowledgement. Acknowledge (ACK) (1) The ACK signal is an active low pulse from the active Control Bus Interface (CBI) to the Switch Matrix Processor (SMP). The signal indicates that the board(s) addressed for the current bus cycle have responded. Failure to receive the ACK signal during control bus state 7 causes the requesting SMP to generate a bus timeout interrupt. (2) A message sent from a mobile to a base site to indicate that it has received a page. Acknowledged Alarm The operator has an acknowledged alarm condition, but the condition itself has not yet been resolved. The audible alarm (for this alarm) is turned off. However, the alarm status remains on until the alarm condition is resolved. The audible alarm will remain on if there are other posted unacknowledged alarms. Active-Duplex (ACT-DUP) This is an EMX twin processor and control system state in which the processor performs the normal active processor functions. These functions include, but are not limited to: * All call processing activities. * All human/machine activities. * And all data collection activities. In addition to: * Monitors the standby processor alarms. * Executes sanity checks on the standby processor. * Formats and sends checkpointed data for data base updates (as required). * Responds to standby processor reconfiguration directives. * Manages twin processor Dynamic-Duplex fault detection exercises between the active and standby processors. Active Operation This mode of operation implies that the system can properly complete a significant percentage of call attempts. If the operator places the system in a state (by removing the second of a dual processor pair) that prevents the processing of telephone traffic, it is not active but still on-line. The Administration Complex is not required for the processing of telephone traffic and may not be operational, although the system may be active. Active Process Process which is executable by having its entry in the active process table set. (See Active Process Table.) Active Process Table Table which indicates for each process: * Whether the process is active in the processor containing the table, * Whether the process is active in the other processor of the pair, and * Any special activity restrictions, such as active for initiation only, etc. Active Processor The processor in control of a node. Active-Simplex (ACT-SIMP) This is an EMX twin processor and control system state in which the processor performs the normal active processor functions. These functions include, but are not limited to: * All call processing activities. * All human/machine activities. * All data collection activities. In addition, if the node/system is in static-duplex, it monitors the following: * Standby processor alarms. * Execution of sanity checks on the standby processor. * Response to standby processor reconfiguration directives. Active Version Active software version. ACT-REST Active-Restore ACT-TNS Active-Time Not Set ACT-TS Active-Time Set A/D Analog-to-Digital ADCCP Advanced Data Communication Control Procedure ADDR Address Address 1) That portion of the message that specifies the destination and handling. A telephone address includes the precedence digit, two routing digits, a three-digit area code, three-digit central office code and four-digit line number. 2) An identification, represented by a name, or number, location in storage, or any other data source or destination. ADE or ADMEXT See Administration Manager Extension. ADM Administration Subsystem Manager Processor. The dominant processor in the processor hierarchy of the Administration Subsystem. ADM-E See Administration Manager Extension. ADMIN (1) See Admin Manager. (2) IPR log type for Administrative IPRs. Administration Manager Extension (ADM-E, ADMX) A processor belonging to the Admin Manager which does all the tandeming of message traffic for the Admin Manager. Controls the second highest level bus in the distributed control hierarchy. Detects problems in the system by using testing, common control testing, scheduled testing, statistical analysis, audits, CAMP monitoring, alarm detection, and constantly monitoring the system. Administrative Complex The minimum set of system devices required to operate the system terminals on-line consisting of at least one of each of the following dual devices: Administration Manager; Communications Processor; administration disk; administration external memory, and communication external memory, and data link controllers. Administrative Initial Program Load (AIPL) An initial program load that loads and restarts only the Admin processors. Also see Initial Program Load. Administrative/Maintenance Subsystem Collects and stores automatic message accounting (AMA) and traffic measurement and metering (TMM) data, controls configurations, downloads program and data base data and interfaces the alarm and trunk test subsystems. All these functions are controlled by the admin manager and admin manager extension, which are microprocessor pairs residing at the two highest levels of the control hierarchy. Admin Manager (ADM, ADMIN) The highest level processor in the hierarchy of the EMXt 2500 system. The ADM consists of dual processors and has direct access to the dual Administrative disk drives, the dual Administrative tape drives, dual external shared memory, the Communications Processor, and the Admin Extension Processor (ADE). ADPCM Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation. ADS Automated Database Synchronization Facility. This is a newly proposed TTD product. AFC Automatic Frequency Control. AGC Automatic Gain Control. AIN Advanced Intelligent Network. AIP Application Software Installation Program. AIPL See Administrative Initial Program Load. Air-Time The time, generally, that an RF channel (or channels) are in use. This includes, but is not limited to, the accumulated time that a subscriber unit is engaged in a conversation. AIS Alarm Indication Signal. Alarm A warning signal, either a visual signal (lighted lamp) or an audible signal (bell or buzzer) which alerts personnel to an error or failure condition. Alarm Class The severity level of the alarm condition. The values are minor, major, and catastrophic. Alarm Display The top five lines of the CAMP screen are reserved for the alarm notification display. The minor, major, and catastrophic alarm counts and an alarm text for the most recently posted unacknowledged ON alarm of the highest alarm class are displayed for each alarm type. There is also a frame alarm. Alarm Indicator Messages Messages sent to EMX alarm and status panels to turn off various LEDs or audible alarms. Alarm messages can also be printed on the teleprinters. Alarm Indicators Messages sent to EMX alarm and status panels to turn on or off various LEDs or audible alarms. Alarm and Status Electronics Board (ASEB) The ASEB is located at the rear of each alarm and status cage. It accepts display data in a differential mode from the alarm and status interface board, decodes the display module address and forwards the TTL display data to the Alarm and Status Lamp Module (ASLM) and Alarm and Status Switch Module (ASSM). Alarm and Status Electronics and Relay Board (ASERB) The ASERB is located at the rear of each alarm and status cage. It accepts display data in a differential mode from the ASI card, decodes the display module address, and forwards the TTL display data to the ASLM and ASSM boards. It also provides an interface between the EMX and the customer audible and visual alarm circuitry. The board includes eight Form-C relays whose contacts may be configured either normally closed or open as required. Alarm and Status Handler (ASH) A group of software processes that report the results of activities performed by devices which have been affected by maintenance commands, as well as reports changes in service states due to failures and reports changes in the base site controller mobile communications interface via the Alarm and Status Panels (ASP) RF channel display. These processes use translation tables for the generation of teleprinter messages and activating lights on the Alarm and Status Panel (ASP) LED displays. Alarm and Status Interface (ASI) Two ASI cards are used in the Maintenance and Status Unit (MSU). One ASI card is associated with the Maintenance Processor (MPROC) and the other with the System Status Register (SSR). There are two main functions provided by the ASI board. The first is to provide a Watchdog Timer (WDT) to the processor with which it is associated. Secondly, ASI provides TTL to differential conversion and multiplexes the display address and data information to the Alarm and Status Electronics Board (ASEB) or Alarm and Status Electronics Relay Board (ASERB). Alarm and Status Lamp Module (ASLM) A card in the Alarm and Status Panel (ASP) which provides alarm and system status displays under control of the Maintenance and Status Unit (MSU). Alarm and Status Panel (ASP) An indicating display which has specific information concerning the state of alarms and status in the system. Alarm and Status Switch Module (ASSM) A card in the alarm and status panel which provides alarm and system status displays under control of the Maintenance and Status Unit (MSU). This card also provides facilities for manually operated switch inputs to the system. Alarm Maintenance Multiplexer (AMM-1) Serial digital I/O interface which monitors all power supplies, fuses, circuit breaker distribution, and the system power plant. Also provides audible and visual alarm indications. Alarm Management A subsystem that provides reference information on monitoring and managing alarms and events from the Craft Workstation that occur on the TSCP-2000 node. Alarm Message A printed report on the system maintenance teleprinter indicating a status change, reconfiguration or alarm of a component of the EMX. Some alarm messages may be accompanied by changes in the Alarm and Status Panel light display. Alarm Multiplex Communication Adapter-1 (AMCA-1) Board Provides the interface between the AMM-1 and COM-1 Boards and controls the audible alarm. Alarm Relay Interface (ARI) Card The ARI card is the interface between the EMX and the customer audible and visual alarm circuitry. This board incorporates the watchdog timer circuitry and functions as if it were two Alarm and Status Interface (ASI) circuits on one board except the address and data information controls relays rather than displays. The board provides eight Form-C relays. Contacts may be configured for normally open or normally closed, as required by the customer interface. (These boards have been deleted in later systems.) Alarm MUX A serial interface device for monitoring inputs and outputs. It consists of an alarm multiplex communication adapter (AMCA) and up to 128 alarms maintenance multiplexers (AMM). The AMCA is controlled via a COMM-1 on the maintenance bus. Typically, each equipment frame houses one AMM. One output of each AMM is connected to a frame fault light. An output of one of the AMMs is reserved for the audible alarms and three outputs of another for the alarm lights. Inputs are used to monitor miscellaneous alarm conditions at each frame. Alarm Panel A device mounted to the front of one of the equipment frames. It contains the audible and visual alarms. Alarm Status The status of an alarm is either ON, OFF, acknowledged (ACK), or unacknowledged (UNACK). Alarm Reports Printed output resulting from hardware or software fault conditions. Reports are formatted by teleprinter executive software and printed at assigned teleprinters. Alarm Severity One of five levels of severity associated with an ALARM, STATUS or RECON message printed on the system maintenance teleprinter. The level of alarm severity of the message is indicated by the presence of 0 to 4 asterisks preceding the alarm message, as follows: * Major 1 System is down, all call processing capability lost (****). * Major 2 Loss of major components. Some call processing capability lost (***). * Minor 1 Loss of redundant component, no call processing capability lost (**). Alarm Status OFF The condition for which the alarm is defined is not happening. No audible or visual alarms are turned on for this alarm number. Alarm Status ON The condition for which the alarm is defined exists. The audible alarm (if required for this alarm) and the visual alarm have been turned on for this alarm. * Minor 2 Loss of minor redundant component, no call processing capability lost (*). * None No alarm severity. Alarm Subsystem Consists of the Maintenance Processor, COM-1 board, AMCA, and several AMM-1 modules. Alarm Text The character string displayed on the CAMP terminal which is a unique, brief description of the alarm condition. Alarm Type Miscellaneous or the subsystem which produced the alarm condition. The subsystems which produce internal alarms are Common Control Equipment (CONTRO), Switch Matrix Equipment (NETWOR), Trunk Equipment (TRUNKS), Service Equipment (SVCKTS), or Automatic Message Accounting (AMA), and Miscellaneous (MISC). Alarm Type Status For each alarm type, this is the number of minor, major, or catastrophic alarms that are ON, and the number of unacknowledged alarms. A-Law An encoding format for the quantization and digitization of analog signals into PCM signals and recovery of analog signals from Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) signals. A-Law specifies parameters for compression and re-expansion of the signal during transmission and processing. A-Law PCM encoding is used in 30-channel EMX systems (see also Mu-Law). A-Law PCM Logarithmic companding algorithm used for speech coding in Europe. Algorithm An ordered sequence of mathematical steps that produces an answer to a problem, although the solution may be more lengthy than necessary. Allocation bitmap A table on the disk that indicates each block usage. All Trunks Busy (ATB) This is a condition of the telephone switching system where all paths to or from a particular exchange are occupied. In such cases the caller normally receives a rapid busy tone (also 120 ipm). ALM See Analog Line Module. ALRM See Alarm Interface. AMA (1) See Automatic Message Accounting Subsystem. (2) IPR log type for Automatic Message Accounting Subsystem IPRs. AMC See Alarm Multiplexer Controller. AMCA See Alarm Mux Communication Adapter. AMCA-1 Board See Alarm Multiplexer Communication Adapter-1 Board. AMF Analog Maintenance Frame. AMM See Alarm Maintenance Multiplexer. AMM-1 See Alarm Maintenance Multiplexer. AMPS A Bell System acronym and registered service mark for their Advanced Mobile Phone Service. See Cellular System. AMPS-DC Advanced Mobile Phone System-Digital Cellular as specified in IS-54. AMR Card Alarm Monitoring and Reporting card. Located in the PDC of the RF Modem cabinet and in the XC. Used within the BTS to monitor and report alarms. Monitors up to 18 alarms sensors, reporting changes to the operator. Also supports up to eight control relay functions, activated by operator command. Analog Color Code In DYNA TAC systems, an analog signal (see Supervisory Audio Tone) transmitted by a land station on a voice channel and used to detect capture of a mobile station by an interfering land station and/or the capture of a land station by an interfering mobile station. Analog Line Module (ALM) Serves each line by a dedicated switch matrix channel without traffic concentrating. Analog Recorded Announcement-1 (ARA-1) Board Provides analog-to-digital conversion and signaling control for up to 16 separately recorded announcement devices or channels. Analog-to-Digital Converter (A/D) A device that converts a signal that is a function of a continuous variable into a representative number sequence carrying equivalent information. ANI Automatic Number Identification. A DTMF data stream from the cellular switch. The data stream consists of a ten digit number. The ANI is used to identify the callee or the caller to the MCMC. ANSI American National Standards Institute Answer Signal The 2070 Hz tone transmitted by the called mobile to the international base site controller in OBL-B systems after the handset has been lifted. This signal causes the holding signal to be switched off, which then terminates ringing in the mobile. It also initiates connection of the audio path for conversation between the two parties. Antenna A transmitter/receiver which converts electrical currents into RF and vice versa. In cellular systems, transmits and receives RF signals between the BTS and MS. May be configured for omni/omni, sector/sector, or omni/sector. ANTMAT Antenna Matrix. AOS See Automatically Out-of-Service. API See Application Programming Interface. Appearance A device (line, trunk, receiver, sender) location as it appears on the switch matrix. Application Program A self-contained part of the system software which provides a specific function in a system. Application Programming Interface (API) Provides common interface within the SC 9600 system. Includes transceiver operating system, board support, run time library, message routing, performance measurement, timer functions and data base management. APPLSTAT Application verification macro that is executed after completion of an application installation, application upgrade or cold loading of the platform system. APPLSTAT checks for the existence of all required application processes. APR Announcement Prior to Routing. AR -Authentication Request. AR Automatic Roaming. ARA Analog Recorded Announcement. ARA-1 Board See Analog Recorded Announcement-1 Board. Area Code In the United States and Canada, the telephone system is divided up into number plan areas (NPAs). The area code is the three-digit number that is common to all telephone numbers in one of these areas. For example: The area code for Chicago is 312. ARI Alarm Relay Interface ARM Alarm Reset Module. ARRT Addressable Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter. ARQ Automatic Request for retransmission. ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) A data communication code set consisting of a 7-bit (8-bit compatible) binary code used to standardize the interchange of data (usually characters; both control and symbolic) between processing and communication equipment. ASCII Encoded Messages American Standard for Information Interchange; code used by the EMX software that assigns specific bit patterns to each sign, symbol, numeral, letter, and operation. ASEB Alarm and Status Electronics Board ASERB Alarm and Status Electronics Relay Board ASH Alarm and Status Handler ASI Alarm Status Interface ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit. ASLM Alarm and Status Lamp Module ASP 1. Alarm Status Panel. 2. The Alarm Status Windows located across the top of the Craft Workstation Screen. They have specific information concerning the state of alarms and status in the system. Assignment Designation of a transceiver tuned to a specific frequency for RF transmission. ASSM Alarm and Status Switch Module ASUMMARY Application Summary ASU Antenna Select Unit. Part of the RFDS. Outputs test signals generated by the RFDS XCVR. Receives and selects input signals to be tested by the RFDS. Asynchronous Not occurring, existing, or arising at the same time. Asynchronous Communications Interface Adapter (ACIA) An integrated circuit in the Motorola 6800 microprocessor family that provides the data formatting and control to interface serial asynchronous data communications information to a bus organized system such as a microcomputer. Connects parallel-to-serial data and vice-versa. Asynchronous Communications Interface-1 (COM-1) Board 1) The interface between a Communication Processor (controlling microprocessor) and an asynchronous serial peripheral device. 2) Functions as an interface between a MP (processor) and a single channel transmit and receive serial asynchronous RS-232 compatible peripheral. 3) Communications interface between the Serial Device Driver and the CAMP terminals, when the Terminal Handler resides in the Comm processor. ATB All Trunks Busy ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode. ATP Alarm Transfer Process ATT Automatic Trunk Test; see Automatic Trunk Test Program. Attenuation The decrease in an energy level as a signal propagates through equipment, transmission lines or space, usually expressed in decibels. Attenuator A device for reducing the energy level of a signal without introducing distortion. Also called a pad. ATTS See Automatic Trunk Testing Subsystem. AUC Authentication Center. AUD See Audio Board. Audible Alarm A device controlled by the alarm mux. It is sounded whenever there are unacknowledged alarms posted. Three distinct sound patterns are produced to correspond to minor, major, and catastrophic alarms. The audible alarm will reflect the most severe, unacknowledged alarm condition in the system. The audible alarm is controlled by an alarm mux output. Audible Signal Tone signal directed to the telephone user's ear to indicate call progress and disposition, including, but not limited to congestion or All Trunks Busy (ATB), called party busy (or line busy tone 60 ipm), ringback, and dial tone. Also called progress tones. Audio Board (AUD) Conditions (and compands) the audio for connection to both RF equipment and telephone lines in DYNA TAC (cellular) systems, one AUD is installed for each voice channel at a base station. AUDIT IPR log type for database related IPRs. Audit An application program or process which investigates the integrity of specific data structures. Audit Process A process which periodically deletes invalid subscriber records in order to maintain the accuracy of the associated databases. AUI Attachment Unit Interface. A computer node interface. Austria Total Access Communications System (A-T.A.C.S.) Austrian implementation of the Total Access Communications System. Also see DYNA TAC and T.A.C.S. Authentication Signal In OBL-B systems, the IBSC transmits the authentication signal after receiving the identification signal from the mobile. The mobile compares both these signals and, if they are not identical, the mobile is switched off the channel. Thus, the simultaneous occupation of one speaking channel by several mobiles (multiple seizures) is made impossible. Automatic Message Accounting (AMA) Subsystem This subsystem is responsible for the establishment of collection thresholds and associated alarms; the establishment of the switching systems site identification number; definition and display of the AMA batch files; dumping the AMA batch files to magnetic tape. Automatic Number Identification (ANI) In mobile telephony, the term ANI usually refers to the code number which is automatically transmitted by the mobile telephone at the beginning of the placement of a call. Normally, this same code number is used as the selective call of the mobile telephone for receiving calls from the terminal. In the case of IMTS systems, this ANI number is seven digits long and in the United States telephone company market is made up of the area code and the last four numbers of the telephone number assigned to the mobile unit. Automatic Out-of-Service A state set by the Fault Isolation Subsystem (FISO) when a detected device problem prevents access by normal system functions. Automatic Roaming Capability for automatic routing of mobile terminated calls to a mobile in its currently registered area (used when the mobile is outside its home area). Automatic Roaming This is the title given to the group of IS-41 general provisions that automatically provides cellular services to cellular subscribers who are operating their equipment while located outside their home service areas. Automatic Time of Day Schedule A parameter in the test mobile data base that indicates which automatic tests are scheduled for each hour of the day. Contains the hour of the day and the corresponding test type. Automatic Trunk Test Program (ATT) One of the two software programs resident in the Automatic Trunk Testing Subsystem. Automatic Trunk Testing Subsystem (ATTS) Helps ensure the quality of telephone lines. This is accomplished by a series of tests, each with a specific purpose. The ATTS supports access and testing of any trunk that appears on the EMX 2500. Automatic trunk testing can be initiated by either an operator command or by a command file, which can be activated at a predetermined time. Auto Restoral Task Initiates test on "failed" devices which are in the "auto restore" list. When a device is in the list, it is periodically tested by adding an entry to the FISO isolation test list. +---+ | B | +---+ Background The automatic execution of lower priority computer programs which are temporarily suspended when higher priority foreground programs are active. Backplane Assembly in the rear of a card cage typically holding the circuit board connectors and interconnecting signal conductors. Backup Permanent and semi-permanent data to enable quick restart in the event of a total system failure which requires reloading. Generally refers to magnetic tape copies of data and programs that reside on disks. Bad Block A disk block that has a media problem on the disk drive that prevents it from faithfully recording information. The disk drive is able to select an alternate block to use in its place when directed by software. Balanced Circuit A circuit in which two branches are electrically alike and symmetrical with respect to a common reference, usually ground. For an applied differential signal at the input, the signal relative to the reference at equivalent points in the two branches must be opposite in polarity and equal in amplitude. BALUN Balanced/Unbalanced. A device which matches an unbalanced coaxial transmission line to a balanced two-wire system. Bandit A mobile attempting to use an invalid or unauthorized mobile telephone number or operating method. Bandit Flag A flag which can be inserted in the subscriber data base file which reports stolen mobiles. Band Pass Filter Used to reduce wideband noise in the receiver band, out-of-band intermodulation levels, and carrier frequency harmonics. Required for omni/sector. Base Control Unit (BCU) Used in Nordic systems to control a base station. It accepts commands from the Channel Signaling Interface (CSI) in Nordic format (e.g., key transmitter) and sends Nordic messages to the Channel Signaling Interface (CSI) (e.g., transmitter alarm). Under certain circumstances, a BCU can communicate with the Site Supervisory Unit (SSU) at the same site. Base Node Number Number used to identify which nodes comprise a particular set of nodes in an EMX system. In a system with only one set of nodes the base node number is zero (0). Node 0 always defines the local node regardless of the number of sets of nodes. For example, a node in set #1 would be #1 to a node in any other set and a node in set #2 would be node #2 to any other node. Base node numbers of interconnected EMXs with multiple nodes can range from 0 to 31. The base node number facilitates interprocessor communication. Base Site The combination of base station and base station (site) controller, which together comprise one cell in a cellular telephone system. Base Site Controller (BSC) The interface in DYNA TAC systems between the EMX switch and the base station transmitter and receiver. Base-Site-Link Processor (BSLK) The lowest level processor in the Cellular Processing Subsystem. Its function is to handle communication between the EMX 2500 and the remote Base Site Controllers. It provides both the physical and logical connection between the cell site and the switch. It converts messages from the internal format of the switch to a serial form for translation to the cell sites. Base Site Power Amplifier Used in the DYNA TAC base station to amplify the low level signal from the exciter for application to the antenna. Base Station (BS) In cellular systems, the base station is made up of RF transmitters and receivers which communicate with cellular subscriber (mobile or portable) equipment. It provides the means to relay data and voice communications between subscriber equipment and base site controllers. Batch File A sequence of blocks on the collection file which are referenced by a single name and entry in the batch file control table. Batch File Control Table (BFCT) An external memory table whose entries are pointers to batch files (batch files on disk). Batch File Display The command DISPLAY BATCH will provide valuable information about the collection of files to be searched. Battery (Central Office) The negative voltage with respect to earth or chassis ground, that feeds power to telephone equipment. Baud (also Baud Rate) A unit of signaling speed which is equal to the number of discrete conditions or signal events per second. Bay Mechanical structure that supports the electronic equipment used in the EMX system. Also called a rack. BCCH Broadcast Control Channel. A common access RF channel providing point-to-multipoint unidirectional signaling downlink. Used to broadcast general information about a BTS site on a per cell or sector basis. BCD Binary Coded Decimal BCH Code Bose-Chauhduri-Hocauenghem Code. An error correcting code sometimes used with data transmission equipment. BCU Shelf See XC shelf. Beginning of Tape (BOT) See Load Point. BER Bit Error Rate. Berry Refers to the Berry components of the transmission measurement set used in Radio Channel Test. BERT Bit Error Rate Test. BFCT See Batch File Control Table. BHCA Busy Hour Call Attempt. BHCCS Busy Hours Hundred Calls per Second. BHL Busy Hour Loading. BHW Baseline Hardware Document. BIB Balanced-line Interface Board. Part of the XC. Terminates span line cables for the transcoder, interfacing external span lines and the MSIs. Mounted on top of the XC cabinet. Provides twelve balanced 100 to 120-ohm lines coupled to the MSI through transformers. BIC Backplane Interconnect Card. Billing Data All call data collected during a telephone call. Includes: Seizure time, originating port number, mobile number, call classes, dialed digits, direction indicator, connection indicator, home/roam indicator, answer time, disconnect time, timeouts, midnight indicator, and manual time change. (Refer to Operator's Manual for exact format.) Billing Records Three types including: * Call Records one per call with the above billing data. * Transmit Records one per use of the dedicated trunks between two EMX systems. * Subscriber Options Records one per option used, initiated, or canceled (see your Operator's Manual for record layouts). Binary Pertaining to a characteristic or property involving a selection, choice, or conditions in which there are two and only two possibilities. Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) A format used to encode the 10 decimal characters into standard 8-4-2-1 weighted 4-bit binary characters. The remaining 4-bit binary combinations (decimal values 10-15) are disallowed. See also Packed BCD. Bipolar A format for transmission over differential line pairs where a pulse of equal positive (on one line) and negative (on the other line) amplitude represents one binary state and the absence of a pulse represents the other binary state. BIS Busy/Idle State Bit An abbreviation for binary digit. A binary digit is a character used to represent one of the two states or digits (0 or 1) in the numeration system with a radix of two. Also, a unit of storage capacity. Bits Per Second (bps) A measure of data transmission speed. The number of binary characters (1's or 0's) transmitted in one second. For example, an eight-bit parallel transmission link which transfers one character (eight bits) per second is operating at 8 bps. Block 1) A group of bits (binary digits) transmitted as a unit, over which a parity check procedure is applied for error control purposes. 2) The smallest unit of data that may be recorded on tape. Block Count The number of data blocks written to a DAS tape. There are 2 separate block counts: * The count used by the tape management records is a daily count which is reset at midnight. This count is also reset when a tape is activated manually (does not take over from another tape). This tape will start with a header record instead of a transfer record. * The count maintained on a per-tape basis. This count is used in the IBM trailer labels at the end of a tape. Block Descriptor Word The 32 bits at the beginning of each data block written onto a DAS tape. The more significant 16 bits represent the block length (in binary form). The less significant 16 bits are loaded with zeros. Blocking The inability of the calling subscriber to be connected to the called subscriber because either (a) all paths are busy, or (b) because idle paths in the calling group cannot access idle paths in the called group. BNC Bayonet-Neill-Concilman connector. This style connector is used for the thin Ethernet interface on the MC system. * Board A PCB or such that is bolted, screwed, or secured in some fashion to a rack/frame or other piece of hardware. BOM Bill Of Materials. BOT Beginning of Tape Bootstrap Loader A routine whose first instructions are sufficient to load the remainder of itself into memory from an input device and (normally) initialize a complex system of programs. BPROC BSC Processor Card (IMTS) bps Bits Per Second BR Bus Repeater Bridging Connection A connection across or in parallel with another circuit, generally of high impedance so that the circuit is not loaded by the bridging connection. Brief Text A brief description of the error condition that caused an IPR to be sent. BRSAS Bus Repeater and System Alarm Status BRTD Bus Repeater Tone Detector. BS Base Station BSC Base Site Controller BSC Messages In IMTS systems, formatted messages transmitted between the Switch Control Unit and BSC via the multiple terminal interface card/multiple line interface card. In DYNA TAC systems, formatted messages transmitted between the channel control processor and BSC via Serial Communications Interface Peripheral (SCIP) cards. BSD Berkeley Systems Design. A variant of UNIX. BSEL See Bus Select. BSLK See Base-Site-Link Processor. BSS Base Station System. Consists of one CBSC and associated BTSs; represents the fixed end of the radio interface for an SC 9600 cellular system. Provides control and radio coverage functions. BSSAP BSS Application Part. Protocol for LAPD or LAPB signaling links on the A-interface. Comprised of DTAP and BSSMAP messages. Supports message communication between the MSC and BSS. BSSMAP BSS Management Application Part. Call processing protocol for A-interface messages exchanged between the MSC and BSS. The BSS interprets these messages. BSW Baseline Software Document. BSY Busy BT Bus Terminator. BT1 See Universal Bus Terminator. BT-3 Board See Bus Terminator-3 Board. BTA Bus Terminator Arbitrator. BTC Bus Terminator Card. Part of the XC. Provides high-speed bus termination on the XC backplane. BTR Bus Terminator BTS RF Base Transceiver Station, representing one cell. Part of the BSS. Comprised of the SIF, RF Modem, and LPA cabinets. Provides the standard radio transceiver functions for the air interface. BTS site The location of a particular BTS. BTSDS0 BTS Digital Synch Signal 0. BTSLINK FEP-BTS Control Link. BTSNCON BTS Link Nailed Connection. BTSSPAN BTS Span. Buffer 1) A temporary storage device for data which cannot be used or retransmitted immediately. Buffers may be used on a network for error checking, for store and forward, or to compensate for a difference in the rate of flow of data when transmitted from one device to another. 2) A device used as an interface between two circuits or equipments to reconcile their incompatibilities or to prevent variations in one from affecting the other. 3) A circuit used for transferring data from one unit to another when temporary storage is required because of different operating speeds or occurrence timing. 4) In software, memory area allocated for use by application programs. Bus One or more conductors used for transmitting signals or power from one or more sources to one or more destinations. Bus Repeater and System Alarm and Status (BRSAS) In DYNA TAC systems, a multi-function board which buffers backplane input/output bus signals from the upper backplane of a half node to the lower backplane of the second half node. This allows a processor to interface to all dual ported peripherals and associated circuits. Inputs are latched and the board can be programmed to interrupt the processor on alarm and status conditions. On board termination to the backplane is also supplied to provide impedance matching and termination of backplane bus signals. BRSAS cards reside in all processor nodes. Bus Select (BSEL) A bus select signal is provided for each of the eight subordinate buses accessed by the associated Matrix Control Bus. This permits the selection of any combination of the subordinate buses on any bus cycle. Bus select signals are derived from the subsystem select register and the A/B select register on the SMP boards. A "low" on a bus select signal selects the associated subordinate control bus for the current cycle. Bus Terminator (BTR) Card A special card to provide impedance matching and termination of backplane bus signals. The BTR card plugs directly over the backplane wirewrap pins. Bus Terminator-3 (BT-3) Board Functions as a bus terminator and tester; clock and frame tester-arbitrator; bus arbitrator; error accumulator, and supports digital output operation for buses associated with the T1 Digital Interface Unit. Busy-Idle Bits In DYNA TAC systems, the portion of the data stream transmitted by a land station on a forward control channel that is used to indicate the currently busy-idle status of the corresponding reverse control channel. Busy/Idle State (BIS) In DYNA TAC systems, identifies whether a mobile station must check for an idle-to-busy transition on a reverse control channel when accessing a system. See Numeric Information. Busy Transfer A feature that allows calls to a mobile to be forwarded only if the mobile is busy with another call. Busy Transfer Processing If this feature is activated and the mobile is not busy, the call is treated as a normal mobile termination. Otherwise, the call is transferred to the forward-to number. BVL Basic Validation. Byte A sequence of adjacent binary digits operated upon as a unit. Generally consists of eight bits, usually presented in parallel. A byte is usually the smallest addressable unit of information in a data store on memory. See also Octet. BZT See Busy Transfer. +---+ | C | +---+ C7 CCITT Signaling System Number 7. See also Signaling System 7. C7LINK C7 Link. C/I See CIR. CAC Common Access Channel. A control channel, such as the BCCH, CCCH (PCH or SCCH) or UPCH. CACR Common Access Channel Redundant. CACRF Common Access Channel RF. Cage See shelf. Calibrate A procedural modifier for a telephony state. Indicates the device is in the process of initializing and is required to perform Cold Convergence Calibration during its initialization. CALL IPR log type for call processing IPRs. Call Class See Call Final Class. Call Class Indicator Two-digit indicator in the call record showing the type of call and the reason the call was routed to a message, tone, or operator if the call could not be completed. Call Confirmation Signal The 1950 Hz tone transmitted by the mobile to OBL-B systems to the IBSC after the selective call has been successfully decoded. This signal advises the EMX that the called mobile is operational and ready to receive the holding signal, this signal also causes ringback tone to be returned to the calling party. Calling Channel Common channel used throughout OBL-B system to selectively call the mobile units. In the idle condition, all mobile receivers are switched to this frequency. Mobile units cannot transmit on this frequency. Calling channel operation is controlled by the EMX after trunk seizure on a land-initiated call. Call Detail Records (CDR) Detailed information concerning a call processing event, an entry in a batch file. This data consists of all the information needed to bill the customer for the call and facility usage data for the call. A fixed-length record which contains the necessary information to generate customer billing and provides certain facility usage. Call Diversion The act of routing a calling party to something other than the called number, usually progress tones, a message recorder, or an operator. Call Failure Class See Call Final Class. Call Final Class (CFC) The status of a call upon completion, identified by a pre-defined two-hex-digit code (00-FF). Examples of CFCs include normal completion to or from a home subscriber, terminating mobile was busy, insufficient dialed digits, and many more. Call treatments can be assigned to each CFC. Sometimes called Call Failure Class or Call Class. Call Forwarding A feature available to the mobile telephone user whereby, after initiation of the feature by an authorized subscriber, calls dialed to the mobile telephone of an authorized subscriber will automatically be routed to the desired number. Call Management Subsystem Manages trunk circuits, collects data, performs data base translations, and supervises and controls all the events and tasks required for processing calls through the EMX 2500. Call Processing A distributed process by which an entire EMX accepts, routes, disposes of, and generates statistics and billing information on every telephone call passing through it (whether or not the call is completed). Call Processing Manager (CPM) Consists of dual MP-8 processors and is a slave to the Admin Manager, and a master to the Call Manager Extension Processors and Cellular Network Manager. The CPM has direct access to its own duplexed external shared memory. Its functions include: Maintaining the idle lists of circuits in each trunk group and use of these lists in route selection; collect the Call Detail Record (CDR) data for each telephone call and distribute completed CDRs to the Admin Manager, and collect Traffic Metering and Measurement (TMM) data for trunk groups and called numbers and distribute the TMM data to the Admin Manager. Call Processing Manager Extension (CPM-E, CPE, CPMX) Controls the fourth highest level bus in the distributed control hierarchy. Slave to Call Processing Manager; Master to the Line Trunk Managers, Service Managers, Translation Processor, and Mobile Control Manager. Handles tandem message traffic between these processors. It offloads the CPM of tandem message traffic between the originating and terminating line trunk manager or cell group manager. It contains copies of the programs required for loading the line trunk processor and line trunk manager. Call Processing Program Software that controls the switching network in an electronic switching system. Call Processing Subsystem A subsystem of the EMX 2500 which handles all calls flowing through the switch (from request for service through disconnect) and passes a CDR to AMA for billing purposes. Call Processing Trunk Data Base Maintains the equipped status of a trunk with respect to the call processing and trunk group to which the trunk is assigned. Call Record A record stored on a DAS tape containing the overall timing information, mobile number, dialed digits, and appropriate indicators to ticket a call for every call completed or attempted through the EMX. Call Routing File An optional file consisting of stored tables that are used to generate a primary and alternate route into the land network for mobile originating calls. Call Treatment Audio provided to callers, used to indicate the ultimate result of a call attempt. Treatments include progress tones (e.g., ringback, busy, click-tone) and recorded announcements. Call Waiting A subscriber feature which allows an individual mobile telephone user currently engaged in a call to be alerted that another caller is trying to reach him. The user has a predetermined period of time in which to terminate the existing conversation and respond to the second call. Calling Channel (CC) Used in Nordic systems to designate a channel used for call set-up to mobile subscribers. Under certain conditions the CC can be used as traffic channels. CAMP See Configuration (Control), Administration and Maintenance Position. CAMP Function This is two CRTs (expandable to 16) dedicated to the control function and maintenance function. This provides password security; password-based command level screening; operator prompts, and a help facility. The CAMP can have a local or remote location but is always external to the switch. Campon (CMPN) A job is in campon state when it is waiting for a piece of hardware or another resource to become available. In this priority state, the resource is marked so that no other job can get access to the resource before the job in campon state. CAMP Terminal CRT-type terminal with an optional printer. It provides password security, command level screening based on password, brief or verbose output, and a HELP facility. Also see Configuration (Control), Administration and Maintenance Position. Cancellation Function used to disable any previously requested special service functions dialed by the mobile telephone subscriber. Card Generally refers to a printed circuit board. Also called board. Card Cage The card cage is that part of the equipment that holds the printed circuit cards. Carrier Circuit A system where many different conversations are combined on a single pair of wires or a single radio channel in such a manner as they may take place simultaneously without interfering with each other. Carrier/Country Code Digit Table (CCDIG) A multi-purpose table used in the Outward Translation process. When Carrier Override is in effect, this table provides the Logical Route 1 to get a carrier to use for the call. Also, in the USA for "Feature Group D" calls, this table determines a portion of the outpulsed digits. Carrier ID The three digit number assigned to a (long-distance) carrier. These three digits are the "XXX" in 10XXX preferred-carrier dialing. Up to 100 carriers can be defined in a system. Also see Carrier Index. Carrier Index A two digit index used internally to identify each defined carrier. Also see Carrier ID. Carrier Override A parameter that may be specified in the Outward Translation process. When present in the Physical Route table, it means that a specified long-distance carrier will always be used to complete calls to this particular route instead of any Preferred Carrier or Presubscribed Carrier. When present in the Carrier Route table, the carrier specified will be used in the event that the subscriber's preferred or presubscribed carrier is unable to complete the call. Carrier Route (CARRTE) In the Outward Translation process, a termination route which sends a call to an external carrier. Used for long-distance calls, or other calls which can not be completed with trunks directly accessible by the EMX. Subscribers may have a particular carrier pre-selected, or may specify one when dialing; otherwise, a default carrier is used. CARRTE See Carrier Route. CAS Channel Associated Signalling. The E1 signalling used in the MCMC in the 1.2.1.0 software release or later. CAT Cellular Application Terminal. Catastrophic Outage The class of outage that affects service to a moderate number of circuits originating or terminating on the EMX 2500 system. Catastrophic outages occur when more than 25% of the originating and/or terminating circuits cannot complete a call or more than 25% of the originating and/or terminating calls are mishandled. Also see Major Outage, Minor Outage. Cavity Filter Used in the DYNA TAC base station to selectively filter the output of the power amplifiers. CBI Board See Control Bus Interface Board. CBI Timing Bus Failure (CBICF) If a timing bus failure occurs in the subsystem in which the CBI resides, the SMP is not able to access the CBI to determine which subsystem reported the failure. The active low CBICF signal is provided so this condition can be reported to the SMP by the CBI boards. CBICF See CBI Timing Bus Failure. CBSC Centralized Base Station Controller. Part of the BSS. Consists of the Mobility Manager and Transcoder. Provides BTS cluster control, switching, traffic concentration, and transcoding functions. CC Carrier Cancellation. CC Color Code. CC Common control. CCA Call Processing Conflict Audits. CCB Configuration control bus. CCCH Common Control Channel. A common access RF channel providing point-to-multipoint bi-directional signaling up- and downlink. Used to control paging and grant access. Includes the PCH and SCCH. Commonly used with the UPCH. CCDIG See Carrier/Country Code Digit Table. CCE Channel Coordination Processor Extension CCEP Channel Coordination Processor Extension Power CCE/MSU Channel Coordination Processor Extension/ Maintenance and Status Unit CCF See Common Control Frame. CCIR An abbreviation for International Radio Consultative Committee. One of the permanent organizations of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). CCIS Common Channel Interoffice Signaling CCITT An abbreviation for International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee. An international organization concerned with devising and proposing recommendations for international communications. One of the permanent organizations of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). CCITT No. 7 (C7, C7S) A method of Common Channel Signaling for voice and non-voice services in a digital environment. Signaling information is sent at 64 kbps. Used internationally. Also see Common Channel Signaling, T1. CCM Credit Card Mobile. CCP Channel Coordination Processor CCS 1. Common Channel Signaling. 2. Call Completion Service. The service supplied by the EMX 2500, BSCs, NAMPS subscriber units, and the MCMC. The EMX provides message delivery services to the subscriber unit. CCS (100 Call Seconds) A measure of traffic load obtained by multiplying the number of calls per hour by the average holding time per call expressed in seconds, and dividing by 100. Often used in practice to mean hundred call seconds per hour with "per hour" implied; as such, it is a measure of traffic intensity. CCSAN CCS Active Notification. CCS7 Common Channel Signaling #7. CCT See Collection Control Table. CCW Cancel Call Waiting. CDF Configuration Data File. A file of current configuration and telephony status data generated for the OMC-R and each CBSC and BTS, based on the OMC-R Configuration Database. Used during initialization. Also called Cell-site Data File. CDL Call Data Log. CDMA Code Division Multiple Access as defined in IS-95. CDMP Cellular Digital Message Protocol. An application protocol used for communication between an IP and thr MR. CDMS Cellular Digital Message Service. The service supplied by the EMX 2500, BSCs, NAMPS subscriber units, and the MCMC. The MCMC provides message delivery services to the subscriber unit. CDP Clock Distribution and Parity CDR See Call Detail Record. Cell The RF coverage area in radiotelephone system resulting from the operation of a single multi-channel set of base station equipment. This term can also be used to describe the base site equipment servicing this area. Cell Group Manager (CGM) The processor that supports the cellular subsystem software. Redundant-pair CGMs reside on the MCM bus and control up to 26 BSLKs. It handles all signaling between the switch and the cell sites to coordinate the use of trunk circuits to the cell site radio equipment. A maximum of six CGM pairs are supported. Cell Site The location of a BTS. Cell Site Controller (CSC) A microprocessor-based, multiple-function card used to coordinate the activities of the cell site equipment. It also provides the cell site interface with the EMX switching equipment via a modem data link. Cellular Call Processing Subsystem A subsystem of the EMX 2500 which communicates with the BSCs to coordinate and control the use of radio channels by BSCs and mobile units. Motorola's cellular portion of the Call Processing Subsystem. Cellular Fault Management (CFM) The EMX 2500 software subsystem responsible for detecting and analyzing base site failures, including the process designed to reconfigure the cell to restore normal operation. Cellular Group Manager Processor See Cell Group Manager. Cellular Network Link (CNLK) A data connection between an EMX and another EMX. The datalinks use the LAPB protocol of CCITT standard X.25. In an EMX 2500, up to four cellular network link processors are under the control of each Cellular Network Processor (CNP). Each CNLK processor is an SFCC board (four datalinks each) making for a maximum of 64 cellular network links. Also see Link. Cellular Network Manager (CNM) A redundant processor pair which oversees cellular network (DMX) communications. The CNM is subordinate to the Call Processing Manager, and controls up to four Cellular Network Processors. Cellular Network Processor (CNP) A redundant processor pair which controls up to four Cellular Network Link Processors. An EMX 2500 can have up to four CNPs. The CNPs are subordinate to the Cellular Network Manager. Cellular Subsystem Refers to those portions of the EMX 2500 that are used for cellular telephony, and not present in the base DSC DEX product. The cellular subsystem hardware consists of the Mobile Control Manager, Cellular Network Manager, and their subordinate processors, plus those Line Trunk Managers designated as mobile trunks and their subordinate processors. Cellular System A fully automatic, wide-area, high-capacity radiotelephone system made up of a group of RF coverage areas called cells. As a subscriber passes from cell-to-cell, a series of handoffs maintain smooth call continuity. DYNA TAC, AMPS, and T.A.C.S. are examples of leading cellular systems. Central Office (CO) The central office comprises a switching network and its control and is a facility whose communication common carrier terminates customer lines and locates the equipment for interconnecting those lines. Central Processing Unit (CPU) A node or a system of nodes which provides processing capability to control call connections and provides call information within the EMX system. CES Control Extension and Switch CES Common Equipment Shelf. See PDC. CFB (Call Forwarding on Busy) A cellular calling feature which forwards a call to a new number if the terminating party is busy. CF See Call forwarding. CFC (Call Failure Class) A hexadecimal number representing a specific failure mode. CFM See Cellular Fault Management. CFN (Call Forwarding on No Reply) A cellular calling feature which forwards a call to a new phone number, if there is no reply by the terminating party. CFU (Call Forwarding Unconditional) A cellular calling feature which always forwards a call to a new number regardless of the nature of the call. CGC Channel Group Concentrator CGM See Cell Group Manager. CGSA Cellular Geographic Service Area CGSA-H See Home Area. Change Journal The final segment of a system tape that contains records that log all recent change or SIM commands so that they will be re-entered into the system automatically if it is reloaded from tape. Change Messages Standard formatted messages used by recent change software to activate programs that update subscriber or system data bases. Changes (Subscriber and System) User specified changes, selected subscriber feature options,or changes to the equipment installed in the EMX system. CHAN The base site device that controls a Voice Channel. Used in both HD and LD-type base stations. Also see Voice Channel. Channel 1) A particular member of a group that is associated with a unique time slot. Each member is associated with one port in the switch; either and RF channel, a land trunk, a three-party conference circuit, or a tone signaling port. 2) A particular member of an RF group that has a unique frequency. Channel For a TDMA air interface, it describes the unique frequency and time slot allocation for a single call. Channel Bank Equipment which converts a digital T1 signal to 24 or 30 individual analog circuits and, conversely, converts the signals from the analog circuits to the T1 format signal. Channel Clear Message A message from the Base Site Controller (BSC) indicating that the carrier has been dropped at the end of a call and that the channel is now clear and is available to receive transmissions. Channel Control Software package that controls the radio channel interface for call processing. Channel Coordination Extension (CCE) Extension cage connected to the Channel Coordination Processor (CCP) node to provide expansion slots for peripheral cards, in particular, the Serial Communications Interface Peripheral (SCIP) card. Channel Coordination Processor (CCP) Twin processor cage that performs similar functions related to the mobile channel control in a Nordic or DYNA TAC system: * In Nordic (NMT) systems, the CCP manages the channels in the same cell (site). This includes channel allocation (calling, traffic, etc.) and interfaces between the other nodes in the system. The CCP coordinates handoffs and the Mobile Communications Interface (MCI). * In DYNA TAC systems, the channels in every cell site are under the control of Base Site Controllers, including channel allocation. The CCP function then is to interface the DYNA TAC Base Site Controller (BSC) with other nodes, and to coordinate cell-to-cell handoffs. See Node. Channel and Device State Tables Entries in the data base that contain channel numbers and device IDs and indicate the current service condition of each channel and device in the system. Channel Group Concentrator (CGC) Used in Nordic and IMTS systems to interface between the Channel Coordination Processor (CCP) and the RF channel (i.e., channel signaling interface cards). Channel Port See Port. Channel Seizure Signal A signal sent by a mobile on a particular channel to seize that channel. Channel Signaling Bay In a cellular system, a hardware frame that houses up to three channel signaling unit cages and the associated power supplies. Channel Signaling Interface (CSI) The CSI has three functions: * Voice path interface between the radio channels and the switch (i.e., channel banks). * Radio channel control, i.e., handles the signaling to/from the Base Control Unit, Site Supervisory Unit, and mobile subscriber. * Data interface coordination between the radio channel and the Channel Control Processor (via Channel Group Concentrator), including translation to/from Nordic signaling. (In Nordic systems, one CSI card controls two radio channels.) Channel Signaling Unit (CSU) Used in Nordic and IMTS systems. This is a cage that houses one Channel Control Processor card and its associated Channel Signaling Interface cards. Channel/Trunk Group Numbers Number assignments used to identify the individual RF channels and telephone company trunks that are part of a particular EMX system and Central Office, respectively. Channels and trunk members are stored in data base tables which maintain the status of each member. Channels, Maximum (CMAX) In DYNA TAC systems, the maximum number of channels to be scanned by a mobile station when accessing a system. See Numeric Information. Character Any group of binary digits which represents a mark, letter, numeral, signal or symbol. Charge Meter A device optionally installed in mobile telephones that provides a visual indication of the cost of a call. The charges displayed are controlled by the EMX 2500; use of a purchasable Special Product (either Fixed Charge Rate or Variable Charge Rate) is required. Checkpointing The activity that concerns the transferring of data or messages from active to standby processors of the control system. The checkpointing function is used to maintain identical write-protected data files (such as subscriber files) on both sides of the EMX Control System. Data are checkpointed periodically, as required, and only processed data is checkpointed. When checkpointing is turned-on, information is updated in write-protected memory on the active side of the EMX, identical data are entered into the corresponding write-protected memory on the other side. The checkpointing function is turned on or off automatically by the operating software depending upon the current and previous states of the processors. For example, checkpointing is not desired and is turned off when the two processing systems ("A" side and "B" side) contain different operating software or when a side is being loaded with new software. CHGPIN Change PIN. CHI bus Concentration Highway Interface bus. A digital bus within the BTS with nine TDM channels to carry control and traffic data between the GLI and transceiver. Operates at 2.048 Mbps. Child A device which is enabled/controlled by a higher level device. CIR Carrier-to-Interference Ratio. CKF See Timing Bus Failure. CKT Circuit. Class Refers to a non-device, such as Software Load Management or MM Fault Management. Class of Outage The type classification of a system outage. The three types of system outages are: catastrophic, major, and minor. Class of Service A parameter in the subscriber data base which records the type of service to which a customer is limited, e.g., local dialing or international dialing. Clearing Signal A signal sent by a system to a mobile, to turn it off for a system related reason. Clear-to-Send (CTS) A handshake signal used with communication links, especially EIA RS-232C or CCITT Rec. V.24, to indicate (to a transmitter from a receiver) that transmission may proceed. Generated in response to a request-to-send signal. (Also see Request-to-Send.) CLCI Common Language Circuit Identifier CLI Calling Line Identification. A CLI is the telephone number of the calling party automatically transmitted by the switch. The CLI buffer in the mobile unit is used for digital pages, not CLIs. CLI Command Line Interface. A user interface accessed at the OMC-R, as well as at the MM and BTS via the LMF. Provides a typed text command and response interface for the operator. Contrast to GUI. CLID Calling Line ID. CLI Dialog Session The time interval between invoking and concluding CLI activity. Click Tone A particular progress tone used within a telephone system sounding like a click. It is injected into a subscriber's audio, typically whenever that particular call is in a waiting or holding mode for an electrical or timing reason. It indicates to the subscriber that the call has not been abandoned by the telephone network. CLIR CLI Presentation Restricted. CLK Time Clock. CLKX Card Clock Extender card. Part of the XC. Distributes GCLK clock and reference signals to each XC shelf. CLLI Common Language Location Identifier CLM Communications LAN Module. A hardware component (board) located in the Tandem ST-2000. CLNCLR Clone Clear. Clock A device that generates periodic signals used for system synchronization. Clock Card (CLK) The clock card generates system Clock (CLK) and Reference (REF) signals which it distributes differentially to the Switch Control Unit (SCU), Switch Unit (SWU), Group Multiplexer Unit (GMU) for Tone Signaling Unit (TSU). Clock Distribution and Parity (CDP) card Distributes Clock card (CLK) and Reference (REF) to the Switch Unit (SWU) and transfers parity and CLK-REF receiver alarms from the Group Multiplexer Unit (GMU) to the Switch Control Unit (SCU). Clock Recovery Board (CRB) Extracts clock information from the T1 span line PCM signal by means of a phase-lock loop circuit for use in synchronizing the EMX to a local/remote Central Office. (See Digital Synchronization Subsystem.) CM Configuration Management.. CMAC Control-Channel Mobile Attenuation Code CMAX The maximum number of channels to be scanned by a mobile station when accessing a system. See Numeric Information. CMB Combined 100-Series Test. CMCS Configuration Maintenance Control Subsystem. CMI Communications Management Interface CMPN See Campon. CMRTS Cellular Mobile Radio Telephone Service. CMS Call Model Server. CMSO Cellular Mobile Switching Office. CNLK See Cellular Network Link. CNM See Cellular Network Manager. CNP See Cellular Network Processor. CNR Carrier-to-Noise Ratio. The ratio of the mean vector squared over the statistical variance of all received vectors. The result is a dB ratio. CO Central Office CO-1 Conference. COC Central Office Code Code Blocking A feature in which a system operator can block a given percentage of calls in a geographic area in order to reduce system load. CODEC (Coder/Decoder) A speech coding unit that converts speech into a digital format for radio broadcast, and vice versa. Code Pages Write-protected RAM on which EMX programs reside. Coded Digital Color Code (DCC) One of four tones in the 6 kHz region that are transmitted by a land station on a signaling channel and transponded by a mobile station in a cellular system. See also Digital Color Code. Cold Convergence Calibration A procedure performed on the LCI to determine an initial set of LPA operating parameters which minimize the intermodulation distortion of the LPA. Cold Load The process involved with loading system software after the EMX system is first installed or after experiencing a total dc power loss. Collection buffer The memory used by AMA to stage call and control records prior to disk write. Collection Control Table (CCT) An external memory table whose elements describe the collection buffer. Collection File The disk file in which call records are recorded by the AMA program. Co-Located At the same location; as in equipment installed in the same room or building. Color Code An 8-bit code assigned to a BTS to distinguish interfering signals from another cell. COM-C Communication Controller. COM-P Communication Processor. COM-1 Board See Asynchronous Communications Interface-1 board. Combined 100-Series Test (CMB) A sequence of tests that includes one-way noise, echo return loss, and incoming level testing. Tests the transmission quality of line trunks. Combined Channel In Nordic systems, a radio channel that is marked as both a calling channel and a marked traffic channel. See Calling Channel and Marked Traffic Channel. Combined Paging and Access (CPA) See Numeric Information. Combined Transponder Test (XLT) Performs the following measurements: two-way level, two-way c-notch noise, and one-way echo return loss. Tests the transmission quality of line trunks. COMM (1) The Communication Processor; where the Session Program or the Terminal Handler and the Serial Device Driver reside and execute. (2) IPR log type for data communication IPRs. COMM-2 Communication Interface Functions as an alarm interface between a Maintenance Processor (ADM-E) and Alarm Maintenance Multiplexers. Command Channel See Speaking Channel. Command File An ASCII disk file containing MMI commands and responses for prompts. Allows automated operation of a series of commands. Command Interpreter Provides a high level interface between application software and the terminal handler. Command Name Indicates the function to be performed by a command, i.e., PUT, FORCE, ADD, CHANGE, etc. The command name is followed immediately by a colon (:) and parameter blocks. Command Name Table Seven byte ASCII representation of teleprinter commands which have been authorized for use in the system. Commands Predefined string of characters which are keyed on EMX teleprinters by an operator to change service states, initiate program loading, or activate other functions specified within the format of the command. Common Battery The Central Office positive voltage connected to earth and usually chassis ground that serves as the return lead for feeding power to telephone equipment. Common Channel Interoffice Signaling (CCIS) A separate common channel that carries all line and signaling information for a group of interoffice trunks. Common Channel Signaling A signaling method using a link common to a number of channels for the transmission of signals necessary for the traffic via these channels. Common Control Frame (CCF) Consists of the power distribution, AMA, CC00, and CC01 frames. Common Equipment Any equipment used by more than one trunk or channel. Common Equipment Shelf See PDC. Common Memory In each processor's memory a section (common memory) shared by all memory pages. This section is used to store data and special software routines for use by all memory pages (see Memory Page). Communications Link (CL) In Nordic systems, provides a path for communications between the Base Control Unit (BCU) and Site Supervisory Unit (SSU). Communications Package The set of programs responsible for transferring messages and data between processors via interprocessor links. Communications Processor (1) A slave processor to the Administration Manager which provides all on-line terminal I/O handling in the system. (2) The Communications Processor in the Administration Subsystem. Used for interfacing with the operating and maintenance personnel at the CAMP terminals. Commutating Switch Module Used in the DYNA TAC base station to selectively gate RF signals from one of the six sectors to the scanning receiver under control of the BSC. Companding The process of compressing quantizing levels at low speech amplitudes at the transmitting end of a system and expanding these levels at the receiving end, thus reducing quantizing distortion. This term is a contraction of compressing and expanding. Compandor A combination of a compressor at one point in a communication path used for reducing the amplitude range of signals, followed by an expandor at another point used for a complementary increase in the amplitude range. Compatibility The ability of any mobile station to place and receive calls in any cellular system. All call placement is automatic. Compiler A language processor written to translate a higher-level language whose structure, syntax and symbols are independent of any particular machine. The higher-level language instructions most often do not correspond directly to binary instructions. It is the compiler's job to provide algorithms for this translation. Composite Cell A cell site consisting of two sets of cell equipment, called the primary and secondary cells. The secondary cell must be LD or HD II. Upgrading an HD cell to a composite cell allows the use of less expensive LD or HD II equipment, and allows the use of the extended frequency band (E-AMPS or E-T.A.C.S.). Composite cells can support more channels than ordinary cells. Concentrator A switching unit located at a distance from a Central Office which allows a large number of subscribers to be connected to the Central Office over a much smaller number of trunks. The concentration ratio is normally 5:1. CONF The Conference/Call Progress Tone Detector Processors in the Call Processing Subsystem. CONFIG (1) EMX Configuration and Control Software. The subsystem which loads programs into processors from the ADMIN disk in response to IPL, FISO, and MMI requests. (2) IPR log type for configuration IPRs. Conference Circuits Used to establish three-way paths through the matrix. They are used for conference calls and to make temporary "bridges" to effect smooth handoffs. There can be up to 14 conference circuits configured on an EMX 2500. Configuration (Control), Administration and Maintenance Position (CAMP) The CAMP Position is a VT100-compatible terminal capable of screen and scrolling operations. I consists of a CRT and Keyboard or hardcopy entry and display device(s) for entering control commands (MMI commands) and receiving status reports. Congestion Situation occurring when an element cannot receive all the service it is requesting. Contrast to overload. Connected For the LTMS, a mode that initiates or receives a call and provides information on it. Connection Random Access Memory (CRAM) Connection (control) memory of the time slot interchange card used to establish and maintain the connections between between the ports of the switch. CONTRO IPR log type for control IPRs. Control Bus Interface (CBI) Board Primary function is to uncouple the Switch Matrix Processors (SMP) from the subordinate control buses in the various switch matrix card cages with regard to redundancy and fault tolerance. Control Channel In DYNA TAC systems, a channel used for the transmission of digital control information from a land station to a mobile station or from a mobile station to a land station. Control-Channel Mobile Attenuation Code (CMAC) A parameter of the control filler message used to inform the receiving mobile of what transmit power level to use when transmitting on the reverse control channel (RECC). Controlled Roll-Out (CRO) A CRO consists of a customer site implementation of a new product, software release, or combination of products/releases, following the successful completion of an FOA of the same system configuration. Only those releases or release combinations which have successfully completed an FOA together in a system configuration may be released as a CRO to customers having the same product(s) or system configuration as that of the FOA. Control Mobile Attenuation Code (CMAC) Used to adjust mobile transmitted RF power levels. Controlling Switch In a switch-pair, the switch that determines which Glare Resolution should apply to a given Trunk Group upon the Dual Seizure condition. The determination of which switch is the controlling switch is predetermined by the owners of the switches. Control Extension and Switch (CES) The unit of the EMX 100 that combines the functions of the SCE and SWU into a single card cage. See Switch Control Extension and Switch Unit. Convergence A procedure performed on the LCI to determine an optimal set of LPA parameters which minimize the intermodulation distortion of the LPA. COPS Call Originations Per Second COS (Class of Service) Defines the extent of the services provided to a given subscriber. Country Code A one- to three-digit number which specifically identifies a country of the world that an international call is being routed to (e.g., 1 = North America, 44 = United Kingdom). See also Region Code. Coupler See directional coupler or multicoupler. Coverage Area Requirement A feature which allows inhibiting the mobile from accessing a cell based on RF quality as reported from the MS and measured by the BTS. Coverage Package Defines a set of cells within the system. In the EMX 2500, there is a maximum of 100 coverage packages. COW Cellular on Wheels. CP Communications Processor CP TRKLST Call Processing Trunk List. CPA Combined Paging and Access CPE Call Processing Manager Extension CPM Call Processing Manager. CPM-E See Call Processing Manager Extension. CPMX See Call Processing Manager Extension. CPR Call Profile Record. A record of a BTS-MS transaction, recorded in the transceiver. Made up of data fields which specify details of a call. CPS 1. Calls Per Second. 2. Call Processing Server. cps Characters Per Second CPU Central Processing Unit CR See Control Record. See . CRAM Control RAM. CRAM Copy Connection Random Access Memory copy; a series of tables used for controlling Switch Unit (SWU) signaling and identifying port connections. Contains: * CRAM Table source port IDs. * Source Local ID (SLID) Table active job numbers. * Out Status Table outbound active signaling in all ports. * In Status Table inbound active signaling in all ports. * Port Table identifies which trunk group member numbers are associated with each port. Crash A complete failure of either a hardware device or software operation. A crash can halt the entire system's operation or just a particular function. CRB Clock Recovery Board CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check. Credit Card Mobile A mobile telephone equipped with a device that reads credit cards. The purchasable Special Product: Credit Card Mobiles is required for the EMX 2500 to process credit card information. CRO See Controlled Roll-Out. Crosstalk Unwanted sound in a voice channel resulting from cross-coupling to another voice channel. CRT Cathode Ray Tube CRTS Cellular Radio Telephone System. CSC Cell Site Controller (LD Base Station) CSI Channel Signaling Interface CSIC Channel Signaling Interface Card CSM Communications Subsystem Manager CSMA Collision Sense Multiple Access. Part of Ethernet specification. CSR See Cellular System Release. CSRF Custom Statistics Reports Facility. CSS -1. Cellular Subscriber Station A generic hardware term used to identify equipment such as mobile stations, mobile terminals, portables, and fixed cellular subscriber stations which provide the user the capability to access cellular network services. 2. Cellular System Subscriber The owner of a cellular system subscriber account. CSU Channel Signaling Unit CSUP Channel Signaling Unit Power CTC Counter-Timer Chip CTIA Cellular Telecommunications Industry Association. CTM Custom Text Message. A textual message that goes into the short message buffer on a subscriber's mobile unit. This is known as Short Text Message (STM) in the MCMC application. CTR Counter CTS Clear-To-Send CTSP Common Trouble Shooting Procedure. CUG Closed User Group. CUR Custom Roaming. Current States The most recent service condition of an EMX component or telephone line. Hardware service states are: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ACT-DUP INS-BUSY LOADING SBY ACT-SIMP INS-CMPN NOT-EQPD SBY-DUP ACT-TNS INS-IDLE NOT-LOAD SBY-REST ACT-TS INS-REST OOS SBY-SIMP DAC-ACT INS-RTN OOS-MNT SBY-TNS DAS-ACT INS-SBY OOS-QUE SBY-TS DAS-SBY INS-SIMP OOS-RCVY SYS-ACT INS INS-TEST OOS-SYS SYS-SBY INS-ACT LOADED OOS-TEST ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Custom Roaming A Special Product which enables roaming customers to choose which remote areas, if any, in which they wish to automatically receive calls from the home area. Also see Dynamic Roaming. Cutover The act of disconnecting an existing switching machine and connecting in its place another machine. Cut-Through Codes Short codes (such as 411 and 911) which are used as soon as they are recognized. Cut-through takes place immediately after the last digit of the code. CW (Call Waiting) A cellular calling feature which allows a subscriber to receive another call when a call is already in progress. CWS Craft Workstation. Cycle Time The shortest period of time necessary to complete one computer instruction. Cylinder All EMX 2500 system tracks at the same radius on all recording surfaces of the disk. +---+ | D | +---+ D/A Digital-to-Analog DAC DAS Communications and Statistics DAC Active (DAC-ACT) Indicates the state in which the DAC tape is in service. (See DAS Communications and Statistics Tape.) DAD Differential Alarm Driver Daisy Chain A network configuration defining interconnections between the CBSC and several BTSs, where a single 1.544 Mbps HWY connects the CBSC serially to each BTS. All communication between the CBSC and the last BTS flows through all other BTSs. It allows sharing the 1.544 Mbps HWY among cells with fewer traffic channels to reduce cost, but a failure affects multiple interconnections. Span line stability limits the number of BTSs chained together. Contrast to star and loop configurations. DAL See Dedicated Access Lines. DAN See Digital Announcer. DAR Differential Alarm Receiver DART See Dual Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter. DAS Data Acquisition System DAS-ACT Data Acquisition System Tape Active DAS-SBY Data Acquisition System Tape Standby DAS Back-Up Tape Unit held in Active-Standby to be used when the active DAS tape is taken off-line or fails so that no billing data are lost. See Data Acquisition System. DAS Commands Teleprinter commands used to activate programs for program loading, statistics requests, and controlling magnetic tape units. DAS Communications and Statistics (DAC) Tape A tape drive designated to record only communications and statistics, tape management, and time change records. Valid only in systems with DAS tape mode 1 or 2. If there is a DAC drive in service, then the DAS drive will record only ticketing records. DAS Tape The magnetic tape which is used to record statistics, communication, time change, tape management, and ticketing records. DAT Digital Audio Tape. A magnetic tape conforming to an international 4 mm tape standard. The MCMC uses DAT tapes for software installs and database/voice mail backups. Data Acquisition System (DAS) One of the twin processor subsystems (or nodes) within some EMX models. The DAS is responsible for subscriber ticketing and operational system statistics. The DAS handles the interface to the magnetic tape drives and the Real Time Clock (RTC). See also Node. Database Files and tables from which EMX programs obtain information to perform specific functions. The EMX data base is functionally divided into Subscriber files and System files which supply all data required for Call Processing, System Administration, and Common Control Software. Database Backup Tape Magnetic tape containing copies of all the data files from disk. Made on regular intervals, backup tapes allow recovery of the data base in the event of a disk failure. Database Editor (DBE) MMI commands which allow the operator to change, delete or display information in the system's data base. Database Processor (DBP) The DBP comprises one of the twin processor subsystems (or nodes) within an EMX. The DBP maintains information such as mobile subscriber files, the system dialing plan, all alarms and interfaces with the maintenance teleprinter, and part of the system configuration file. Database Processor Extension (DBE) Cage Extension cage connected to the Database Processor (DBP) node to provide expansion slots for peripheral interface cards. Data Link The communications lines, modems, or other hardware used in the transmission of information between two or more points. Data Pages Read/write RAM used to store call data subscriber/ system files, tables and all other data needed as arguments for program instructions. Some portions of this memory can be write protected. Data Set One or more blocks of information recorded on tape. Data Structure A means of representing information used in a system. Data Word(s) The variable fields in the IPR report. The IPR dictionary contains a definition for each data word used by an IPR. DATB Direct Access Test Bus. DATB Database Specifies the trunk numbers that are attached to the test bus. (There is one test bus per trunk bay, making a possibility of 47 DATBs.) Day and Time of Day Messages Current Gregorian calendar date (MMDDYY), Julian date (DDDYY), and the current real time-of-day in seconds in the 24-hour format (00-00-00 through 23-59-59). dBm A dB referenced to 1 milliwatt; 0 dBm equals one milliwatt. dBm0 Noise power in dBm referred to or measured at a zero transmission level point (0TLP). DBCM Database and Configuration Management. DBE See Data Base Editor. DBE Data Base Processor Extension DBMS Data Base Management System, runs on the OMC-R platform. DBP Data Base Processor DCC DC Converter module. Located in the MM and OMC-R. It supplies regulated DC power. DCC Digital Color Code DCE Data Communication Equipment. The RS-232 configuration designated for computers. DCE equipment can be connected to DTE equipment with a straight cable, but to other DCE equipment only with a "null modem." DDD Direct Distance Dialing DDT See Delimiter Descriptor Table. DEALL Deactivate All. Debug The process of locating and correcting errors in a computer program. Decibel (dB) A unit stating the logarithmic ratio between two amounts of power. Decode To convert received PCM code words into pulse amplitude modulation pulses which are the same as the quantized samples at the transmitting end. Dedicated Access Lines (DAL) A group of leased lines that interconnects the OCC switching system to a dedicated customer. Dedicated access lines are connected to a customer telephone, key telephone system or a PBX. DEF Default. Default Package (DEFPKG) The level of service which is to be accorded to non-standard mobile originators. Situations for which a default package would be applied include valid foreigns, mobiles with invalid serial numbers, service denied, outside their coverage package, and more. Handling for each condition can be controlled separately. DEFPKG also refers to the table in which this handling is defined. Delay Dial A type of trunk communications signal generated by the receiving station. This signal acknowledges seizure of a line but causes the transmitting station to delay further signaling (dialing) until the receiver generates a "start dial" signal. Delimiter Descriptor Table (DDT) A specific set of parameters which describes the value or value ranges of a field in a call record to be displayed. Delimiter Routine A process by which the delimiter specification is validated against a call record. Demand Manual Tests Those tests invoked by a man-machine interface command and are software driven. Demodulation The process of retrieving an original signal from a modulated carrier wave. Denied Foreign File In subscriber recent change (SIM), this file contains mobile IDs of subscribers from other mobile telephone systems who are to be denied service. Denied Serial Number File In subscriber recent change (SIM), this file contains the serial numbers of subscribers who are to be denied service. DES Dynamic Equipment Sharing. Allows RF channels at a cell to be allocated to any sector as needed. Device Identification Each hardware device in the EMX 2500 system ID identified by three numbers: the DEVICE TYPE, the DEVICE SUBTYPE and the DEVICE ID. The TYPE distinguishes between types of hardware such as processors, memory, disk, tape, etc. The SUBTYPE distinguishes between groups of the same type of device such as ADMIN Manager Memory and CALL Manager Memory. The ID distinguishes between individual devices within a group such as ADMIN Manager A and ADMIN Manager B. Device Monitor Task Periodically scans the FISO data base entries for all devices and conditionally resets selected flags and counts. Device State Transitions Changes in the service condition of any EMX hardware component. Changes in states result from teleprinter commands, hardware failures, or line signals. Device Types Uniquely identify EMX hardware components. They consist of: * Functional unit type. * Unit descriptor. * Subunit descriptor. * Modifier descriptor. DIA-1 Board See Disk Interface Adapter-1 Board. DGI Digital Group Interface DID Direct Inward Dialing Diagnostic Procedure which attempts to localize a fault by setting test conditions in a unit and looking for erroneous results. Diagnostic Programs Software designed to ensure that hardware components and error detection circuits operate properly. Includes: * Call progress checks. * Circuit checks. * Time release checks. * Fault recovery. * Tone verification. * Remote testing. * Voltage monitoring. * Transmission path checks. Dial Pulse Digits Digits received or sent out in a dial pulse format. Dialed Digits The series of numbers received via telephone company interface devices or base site controllers as a result of dialing on land or mobile telephone terminals. Dialing Timeout Timeout indication which releases mobile from channel if no dialing information has been received or if a length of time between dialed digits is excessive. Dialog Session ID A six-digit identifier assigned to a CLI dialog session. The ID is displayed in event messages generated in response to commands entered during that session. Dial Tone A signaling protocol that responds to a request for service and indicates a "start dial" to the sending switch. The dial tone is returned after the receiving switch is prepared to collect the incoming digits. See Progress Tones. DIC Direct Inter-LATA Trunks. DID See Direct Inward Dialing. Differential Alarm Driver (DAD) A circuit card in the Switch Unit (SWU) of DYNA TAC systems, provides a TTL to differential interface between the Switch Unit (SWU) node and the switch control node for the transmission alarm and status signals. Differential alarm receiver card connector plugs directly over backplane wire wrap pins. Differential Alarm Receiver (DAR) Card in the Switch Control Unit (SCU) of DYNA TAC systems, provides a differential to TTL interface between the switch unit node and the Switch Control Unit (SCU) node for the reception of alarm and status signals. Differential alarm driver card connector plugs directly over backplane wire wrap pins. Differential Interface Receiver (DIR) This card receives differential signals from the Dual Port Interface Differential (DPID) card and converts them to TTL levels which are distributed to the backplane of the extension cage where the DIR resides. It also takes the extension cage's I/O bus (data, address and control signals) and converts it to differential for transmission to the Dual Port Interface Differential (DPID) in the main twin processor node. Differential Line Terminator (DLT-x) Provides impedance matching resistors supplying characteristic impedance for communication buses. Used to terminate differential line type communication buses, clock buses, or buses compatible with 50-pin, 20-pin, or 10-pin bus cable receptacles. DLT-1 is equipped with 10 pins, DLT-2 with 20 pins, DLT-3 with 26 pins. Differential Receiver An amplifier that produces an output only in response to a potential difference between its input terminals (differential mode signal) and in which outputs from common mode interference voltages (i.e., that voltage which is the same at both input terminals) on its input terminals are suppressed. This receiver converts differential mode signals that are compatible with a given logic family. Digit Translation The switching system capability to determine a traffic route based on a set or subset of dialed digits. Differential Signal The instantaneous, algebraic difference between two signals. See Bipolar. Digit Analysis File Contains all local numbering plan data. Digit Translation The switching system capability to determine a traffic route based on a set or subset of dialed digits. Digital Announcer (DAN) Converts analog messages to digital in PCM format at the record interface and stores messages in RAM memory. Digital Color Code (DCC) One of four 2-bit expressions transmitted by a land station on a signaling channel and transponded by a mobile station in a cellular system. This allows the land station to differentiate between a mobile responding to its page and a mobile responding to a page from another cell. See also Coded Digital Color Code. Digital Interface Unit (DIU) One shelf of a Digital Trunk Frame. Digital Line/Trunk Interface Module (DIM) Interfaces up to 16 T1 lines or digital trunk groups to 12 matrix PCM ports without traffic concentration. Digital Maintenance Frame (DMF) One of the two types of trunk maintenance frames (TMFs) in the Trunk Maintenance Subsystem (TMS) of the EMX 2500. The DMF houses a transmission measurement set and a trunk test set for performing automatic trunk testing and manual trunk testing on the digital trunks in the T1 Digital Frame Subsystem. Digital Message A message addressed to one or more MCMC subscribers. There are three types of digital messages: Voice Mail Notification, Short Message, and Digital Page. A Short Message or Digital Page may be addressed to a single subscriber or to a Call Group. A Voice Mail Notification is only addressed to a single subscriber. Digital Pad A device that introduces loss in an analog signal that is digitally encoded. Digital Signal A series of pulses or rapidly changing voltage levels that vary in discrete steps or increments. Digital Switch Matrix Subsystem A three-stage, non-blocking digital switch which accommodates up to 32,768 appearances. Each channel supports data or PCM encoded analog information in an 8-bit format at a 64 kbps rate. Each element in the matrix is duplicated to provide 2N redundancy for both the control and switching elements. Digital Switching A process in which connections are established by operations on digital signals without converting them to analog signals. Digital Synchronization Subsystem Provides a method of synchronizing the EMX switching system clock to another remote/local source. Makes use of CRB or DGI cards and an ECLK card. Digital Group Interface (DGI) Serves the same purpose as the Voice Group Interface card (VGI) but also includes a clock recovery circuit to provide digital sync to an ECLK board for a T1 span line. Digital-to-Analog Converter (D/A) A device that converts an input number sequence into a function of a continuous variable. Digital Trunk Frame (DTF) One frame or electronic rack of digital trunk interface equipment. One DTF will interface to 1,536 digital trunk circuits. Digital Trunk Interface (DTI) Board A direct digital controller between two T1 carrier span lines and the EMX 2500 matrix. Digroup A basic PCM 24-channel group operating at 1.544 Mbps. Also see T1. DIM See Digital Line/Trunk Interface Module. DIR 1) Directive. 2) See Differential Interface Receiver. Direct Code See Service Code. Direct Distance Dialing (DDD) Automatic processing of toll calls by subscriber dialing. May require one or more digits to be dialed before the called number. Direct Inward Dialing (DID) Automatic direct handling of calls into a PBX or customer-owned exchange from a Central Office. Direct Memory Access (DMA) The process of transferring data directly between a processor's memory and a peripheral device. Direct Outward Dialing (DOD) Automatic handling of calls from a PBX customer-owned exchange. Directory Number Number which a telephone user dials or keys to make a call. There is a direct, but not identical, correspondence between a directory number and a mobile ID. Directed Page Used in the Special Product: Custom Roaming. A method of paging in which pages are only issued in the mobile's last known EMX and last known paging area only. Also see Zone Page. Directional Coupler Located in the SIF. Bi-directional coupler carrying TX and RX RF signals to and from the antennas. It includes a switch which allows the signals to be routed to the RFDS for testing. Additionally, a port allows direct measurement of in-band forward (TX) signals without service interruption. DISC-C (or DISK-C) Disk Controller. DISCS Disconnected Subscriber. Disk Directory List Utility (UDL) Provides an off-line means of checking the contents and consistency of the EKOS disk directories; lists information read from the directory and allocation bitmap areas. Disk Drive Subsystem Consists of a pair of Winchester technology disk drives interfaced to the disk controller located in common control. Disk Examine Utility (UDX) This is an off-line, utility for the EKOS disk file management system. The UDX is the equivalent of the on-line features of the EDIT FILE, RENAME FILE, and DELETE FILE. Disk File A named storage area of disk blocks for information maintained on a disk device. Disk File Utility (UDF) Provides the ability to delete or rename any type of disk file as well as to load and dump program files. These functions are menu-driven. Disk Formatting The initialization of writing various patterns onto the disk media to make it suitable for normal usage. Disk Interface Adapter-1 (DIA-1) Board Provides the interface between two Administrative Manager microprocessors and a PRIAM Smart Interface. The DIA-1 performs arbitration between the two MPs. Disk/Tape Copy Utility (UDC) A utility program that will allow the operator to copy files to/from a disk or magnetic tape. Disk Test Provided in the Administration process only. It performs a DIA controller read-after-write memory test, a PRIAM controller self-test that includes an up-down sequence test, a disk format, disk write with pattern, and an all disk verification test. Disk Unit Designations Up to eight units are served by two different controllers, referred to as controllers A and B by the PROM monitor and boot block programs. These programs always use the first disk drive on the specified controller. The system software numbers the controllers as 0 and 1. The disk drives are implemented as pairs numbered from 0 to 3. One drive of each pair is attached to each controller, although only drive pair 0 is required. The minimum system is two units: each is designated unit 0 but is attached to controllers 0 and 1. Display A formatted report to be written to the CAMP terminal. Display Specification Tables which determine which events of a call record, or which control records are displayed, set up on level 1 "DISPLAY" menu. Display System Identification System identification is a piece of information that is constantly being broadcast over the signaling channels. This information is used by all mobile units that can "hear" it to determine their status (home, roam), and determine how they react to various other pieces of control information they see on the signaling channel. The system identification is assigned by the FCC and should be unique to every system. The only reason this information would need to be displayed would be to verify that everyone is in sync within the system (BSCs, mobiles, etc.). Display Topology In DYNA TAC system recent change commands, given cell's handoff topology may be of interest if handoffs are not functioning properly. For example, a cell may be specified in the handoff topology that is geographically too far away to be a good handoff candidate. This would result in subscribers "ping ponging" between cells. Another reason topology may be displayed is when adding or deleting cells that may be adjacent to a given cell to ensure they are in or out of the topology map. Distance Handover A handover due to a mobile's physical distance from the BTS, when mobile timing advance exceeds the inter-sector timing advance handover threshold. Distributed Mobile Exchange (DMXt) A distributed mobile exchange (DMX) consists of two or more members of the basic EMX family married together to provide a large mobile telephone exchange. The other switches can be EMX 2500s or other switches in the EMX product line. Distant Traffic Area Area controlled by a different EMX terminal. Distribution Amplifier Module Used in the DYNA TAC base station to distribute the 15 kHz signals from the SAT generator modules to (1) the voice and signaling channel exciter modules, (2) to the receiver bay distribution amplifier, and (3) to the second transmitter bay (if used). Diversion See Call Diversion. Diversity A method of improving received signal strength by making use of two independent signals which differ in frequency or propagation path from the source. In the DYNA TAC system, signals from the strongest two sectors of the receive antenna are used to provide diversity. See Maximal-Ratio Combining. Diversity Reception Redundant reception method. The use of two RX antenna input signals to minimize effects of fading. Depending upon the cell and channel type, diversity reception involves either one or two signal pairs. One pair is based on the primary antenna plus the stronger of the adjacent antennas. Two pairs are based on the primary plus one of each of the adjacent antennas. The signals are sent to the XCVR. Pairs are sent to master and slave XCVRs. Diversity reception requires duplicate antennas in omni configurations. DLC Dummy Load Card DLC Digital Loop Concentrater DLT-1 See Differential Line Terminator. DLT-2 See Differential Line Terminator. DLT-3 See Differential Line Terminator. DMA Deferred Maintenance Alarm. DMA Direct Memory Access DMF See Digital Maintenance Frame. DMM Digital Multimeter. DMS Digital Message Service system. The service is provided by the EMX 2500, BSCs, NAMPS subscriber units, and the Motorola Cellular Message Center. The system provides message delivery services to the subscriber unit. DMSAN DMS Active Notification. DMSZP DMS Zone Paging. DMXt Distributed Mobile Exchange DMXIO DMX Input/Output. Process that takes DMX messages and gates them into the MTS where they can be sent to an application process. DN Directory Number (see MIN) DNIS Digital Number Identification Sequence. A set of DTMF tones transmitted to a terminating telephony device that are used as an identification number for the call. The DNIS identifies the dialing unit and so can be used to select the service or equipment that the user may access. DOD Direct Outward Dialing DOJHLR A feature that enables the IS-41 Converter operator to selectively apply the DOJ call delivery restrictions based on the visiting subscriber's HLR. Downlink The direction from the PSTN to the MS (through the MSC, MM, and BSS), taken by control and audio/traffic signals in a cellular system. Downtime The time period during which a device or system is not functioning properly. DP Dial Pulse DP (Digital Page) The telephone number entered by a caller and delivered to the subscriber unit as a page. This page is displayed in the CLI buffer. The Digital Page can be up to 32 digits long. DPC Destination Point Code. DPI Dual Port Interface Card DPID Dual Port Interface Differential DPP Dedicated Port Processes DPS Digital Power Supply. DRAM Dynamic RAM. Driver Amplifier One of the staged main amplifier modules located in the LPA shelf. Amplifies the input signals from the RF Modem. Includes a pre-amplifier followed by a three-stage driver amplifier. Drivers Software processes responsible for the output function that interacts with output devices such as teleprinters and tape units. Duplicate driver processes operate in standby units. Drop (SCIP-MSCP communications link; multidrop link.) A logical connection between the SCIP card and a peripheral. The peripheral may be a cell site, a SCP (DYNA TAC system), or a CGC (Nordic). Drum Intercept Announcer (DIA) See Recorder Announcer. Drummer For the LTMS, a mode that dials a number repeatedly and provides information on the calls. DS A designation referring to the digital signal level and bit rate in the digital hierarchy (and other defined interface characteristics). For example, DS-1 refers to a digital signal at the first level or 1.544 Mbps. DSAP Disk Space Analysis Program DSG Data Structures Generator. DSP Digital Signal Processor. DSSI Downlink Signal Strength Indicator. DSU Data Service Unit. Provides physical interface conversion for C7 links between the transcoder and MM (1.544 Mbps span line to V.35). Interconnects the XC and MM in systems not using LAPx A links. Interconnects V.35 compatible interface(s) on the MM with 1.544 Mbps HWY interface(s) on the XC. The C7 signaling channels between the CBSC and the MSC are transported over the interface. The DSU and router reside in a common rack. DTAP Direct Transfer Application Part. Call processing protocol for A-interface messages exchanged directly between the MSC and the mobile unit without interpretation by the BSS. The format is specific to the MSC and BSS manufacturers. DTE Data Terminal Equipment. The RS-232 configuration designated for terminals. DTE equipment can be connected to DCE with a straight cable, but to other DTE equipment only with a "null modem." DTF See Digital Trunk Frame. DTG Dual Tone Multi-Frequency Tone Generator DTI Board See Digital Trunk Interface Board. DTMF Dual Tone Multi-Frequency. The sounds a push button tone telephone makes when it dials a number. A set of ''pure" tones used as a method of encoding digits over voice lines. DTMF Tone Generator (DTG or IDTG) Board which produces the dual tone multifrequency signaling tones. DTMF Tone Receiver (DTR or IDTR) Board which detects the dual tone multifrequency signaling tones. DTP Dialogic Telco Platform. The product model name assigned by Dialogic Inc. to the VRU chassis used in the MCMC products. This is an ISA-based personal computer platform. DTR Dial Tone Required. DTR Dual Tone Multi-Frequency Tone Receiver DTRX-1 Board See Dual Tone Receiver-1 Board. DTX Discontinuous Transmission. Allows a mobile transmitter to power down when no speech or data is being transmitted. Dual Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (DART) A dual-channel component used on the Z8000 microprocessor boards to provide on-board serial communication capabilities. Dual Port Bus switch that gives complete control of a peripheral device to one of the two processors in a node. Dual Port Interface Differential (DPID) The DPID card provides the signal interface between single port peripheral cards and the dual bus of the twin processor node. It converts the TTL I/O bus to differential and drives it over a differential link to an extension cage where it is received by the Differential Interface Receiver (DIR) which converts the differential signal to TTL levels for the twin processor backplane. Dual Seizure (Glare) An attempt by two switches to select the same trunk circuit simultaneously to complete a mobile handoff operation. Dual Tone Multi-Frequency (DTMF) A method of sending numerical address information from a telephone or PBX switchboard by sending simultaneously a combination of two tones out of a group of eight. This is called Touch-Code by Motorola and Touch Tone by AT&T. Dual Tone Receiver-1 (DTRX-1) Board Used to detect DTMF tone pairs (or valid DTMF digits). One DTRX-1 board will interface 32 PCM channels. Dump Transfer of data from memory to a peripheral device with possible intermediate reformatting of the data. Duplex State This is a state of the twin processor node and control system in which there is an Active-Standby pair that in the event of a processor-related failure, either processor can assume the processing load. In a duplex state, both sides of the EMX are up. Duplexer Located in the SIF. Applies to TDMA signaling only. Allows a single antenna to both transmit and receive. Routes TX signals from the LPA to the directional coupler. Routes RX signals from the directional coupler to the multicoupler. Includes transmit filter to reduce harmonic frequencies and receive filter to reduce out-of-band signals. DYNA TACr The Motorola registered trademark used to describe the Motorola cellular radiotelephone communications system that provides Dynamic Adaptive Total Area Coverage. The DYNA TAC system consists of: * EMX Mobile Telephone Exchange. * DYNA TAC Cellular Base Stations. * DYNA TAC Mobile Radiotelephone. * DYNA TAC Portable Radiotelephone. DYNA TAC signaling format meets FCC OST bulletin #53. The DYNA TAC cellular system is a fully-automatic, wide area, high capacity mobile and portable radiotelephone communications system that offers features and services comparable with those of the public wireline network. The system is fully compliant with FCC and EIA Guidelines for 800 MHz Cellular systems. Dynamic-Duplex The primary EMX twin processor node and control system mode of operation in which the EMX processing system is configured for the highest level of fault tolerance. In this state, the twin processor nodes maintain duplicate copies of dynamically changing data stores in the memory of both the active and standby processors. Not only are call processing data stores fully backed up, but customer and system data bases are also kept identical on both sides of each processing node. Active and standby processors continuously monitor each other's performance, and either is capable of assuming complete control of the EMX without any break in system continuity or service. Dynamic Noise Similar to noise a listener would hear during the active part of the conversation. Dynamic Roaming